Best of Lipid Forum®: Examining the Role of Lp(a) as a Risk Factor in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density lipoprotein particle that is associated with poor cardiovascular prognosis due to its pro-atherogenic, pro-thrombotic, pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative properties. Unfortunately, traditional lipid-lowering therapy does not provide sufficient Lp(a) reduction. High levels of Lp(a) are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) through mechanisms associated with increased atherogenesis, inflammation, and thrombosis. Despite its demonstrated contribution to ASCVD burden, there is a lack of standardization and harmonization of assays, no universal guidelines for diagnosing and providing risk assessment, and few targeted treatments to lower Lp(a). In this CE program, expert faculty review the pathophysiology and accurate measurement of Lp(a), implications of increased Lp(a) levels on cardiovascular risk, as well as current and emerging therapeutic approaches to manage patients with elevated Lp(a). This activity incorporates didactic presentations covering the pathophysiology of Lp(a); investigates guidelines, screening, and patient identification; explores the measurement of Lp(a); and finally discusses both current and emerging therapies for Lp(a) reduction.